This project is designed to improve the mobility and safety of visually impaired pedestrians at road intersections using IoT technology. The system comprises two interconnected devices: one installed at the traffic light and another integrated into a smart blind stick. These devices communicate wirelessly to provide real-time assistance and alert the user when it is safe to cross.

When a blind person approaches a traffic light with the smart stick, the traffic light unit detects the presence of the stick using short-range wireless communication (e.g., Bluetooth, RF, or Wi-Fi using ESP8266). Upon detection, the system tracks the traffic signal status. If it is safe to cross, the traffic light controller sends a signal to the blind stick, which vibrates or activates a buzzer to indicate that crossing is permitted.

Additionally, the smart stick is equipped with an ultrasonic sensor to detect obstacles, ditches, or holes in the path. This ensures that the user can avoid dangerous terrain while crossing. The system prioritizes autonomous response, ensuring the user receives real-time alerts without needing to press any button or request help.

Main Components:

• ESP8266 (NodeMCU) modules for wireless communication between stick and traffic light.

• Ultrasonic sensor (HC-SR04) on the stick for obstacle and hole detection.

• Vibration motor and buzzer to provide haptic and auditory feedback.

• Power-efficient circuit suitable for long-term outdoor use.

• Optional: Solar power for the traffic light unit to ensure continuous operation.

How It Works:

1. The smart stick continuously broadcasts or pings its presence.

2. The traffic light controller listens for nearby sticks.

3. Upon detection, it monitors the traffic light status.

4. If crossing is safe, it signals the stick to notify the user (via vibration/buzzer).

5. Meanwhile, the stick scans the ground ahead for obstacles or holes and alerts the user immediately.

Key Features:

• Two-way real-time communication between traffic system and smart stick.

• Intelligent traffic status indication for visually impaired pedestrians.

• Obstacle detection to prevent tripping or falling.

• Non-intrusive feedback using vibration and sound.

• Compact and power-efficient design suitable for urban environments.

Benefits:

• Improves independent and safe mobility for the visually impaired.

• Prevents accidents and falls through environmental awareness.

• Supports smart city goals with inclusive and accessible technology.

• Can be easily integrated with existing traffic systems.