The MAX30100 is a sensor module that combines a heart rate and blood oxygen (SpO2) sensor, commonly used in wearable devices and health monitoring systems. It integrates two photodetectors and a red and infrared LED to measure the absorption of light by the blood, which helps determine the user's heart rate and oxygen saturation levels. The sensor communicates with microcontrollers like Arduino via I2C and outputs data that can be processed to monitor health parameters in real-time. This sensor is compact, power-efficient, and accurate, making it ideal for applications in fitness trackers, health monitoring devices, and medical equipment. It is also frequently used in IoT-based health systems to gather vital signs remotely. The MAX30100 can be easily integrated with various microcontroller platforms, providing a simple solution for heart rate and SpO2 monitoring.